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71.
利用白云石石灰去除与回收污泥厌氧消化液中氮和磷 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以白云石石灰为实验材料去除与回收污泥厌氧消化液中的氮磷,通过小试实验研究不同投药固液比S/L、初始pH值、反应温度、搅拌速度及反应时间对去除与回收氮磷效果的影响。实验结果表明,在最佳投药固液比S/L为300mg/L,最佳初始pH值范围为8.5~9.5,反应温度为25.0℃,搅拌速度为150 r/min,反应时间为24 h条件下,氨氮(NH+4-N)和磷(PO3-4-P)的去除率分别为37.26%和89.60%。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)对沉淀产物进行了表征,通过分析可知沉淀产物中含有磷酸铵镁(MAP),可实现废水中氮磷经济有效的回收。 相似文献
72.
为研究优势菌种对餐厨垃圾高温好氧消化(TAD)的促进作用,本研究通过淀粉水解、油脂降解及明胶液化等生化实验,从餐厨垃圾中筛选出若干对其主要成分具有显著降解效果的优势菌种。通过对样品水溶性TOC(TOCw)、水溶性凯氏氮(KNw)、水溶性C/N(KNw)、pH以及含水率等指标的分析,考察优势菌种对餐厨TAD的促进作用。研究表明,优势菌种制剂最优添加量为1%。在此剂量下,好氧消化60 h,TOCw由8.53%降低为2.49%,C/Nw由18.71降低至6.14,以上指标说明加入优势菌种可加速TAD反应。添加量1%样本的水溶性凯氏氮和pH在反应48 h后开始回升,而未添加生物制剂的样本相关参数回升时间需96 h以上,由此推断优势菌种对TAD的促进机制是加快了蛋白质等大分子有机物的降解速度。 相似文献
73.
Xiongfeng Hu Haifu Jiang Yanjie Zhang 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(6):449-458
Fipronil is a broad-spectrum insecticide that has a good control effect on pests of commercial poultry. Although many studies have reported the environmental fate of fipronil, the influence of residual fipronil in poultry waste on biogas production has not been further explored yet. In this article, an experimental comparative study on anaerobic digestion (AD) of chicken manure (CM) and corn straw (CS) with different fipronil concentrations (FCs) was carried at 8% of total solid (TS) and mid-temperature (35?±?1)°C. The results showed that fipronil had a significant effect on biogas production during AD of CM and CS. When the FC is at a low level (≤10?mg·kg?1), the biogas production rate is increased and the digestion period was shortened, while higher FC (≥ 20?mg·kg?1) showed an inhibitory effect. During the monitoring of enzyme activity, low FC showed no significant effect on cellulase and saccharase, but the urease activity increased in the early stage. High FC showed inhibition of activity of cellulase and urease, but the saccharase activity was significantly inhibited until FC reached 40?mg·kg?1. This study also confirms that the environment in anaerobic digester is favorable for the degradation of fipronil, and its half-life is about 15.83?days. 相似文献
74.
75.
The addition of lipid wastes to the digestion of swine manure was studied as a means of increasing biogas production. Lipid waste was obtained from a biodiesel plant where used cooking oil is the feedstock. Digestion of this co-substrate was proposed as a way of valorising residual streams from the process of biodiesel production and to integrate the digestion process into the biorefinery concept.Batch digestion tests were performed at different co-digesting proportions obtaining as a result an increase in biogas production with the increase in the amount of co-substrate added to the mixture. Semi-continuous digestion was studied at a 7% (w/w) mass fraction of total solids. Co-digestion was successful at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 50 d but a decrease to 30 d resulted in a decrease in specific gas production and accumulation of volatile and long chain fatty acids. The CH4 yield obtained was 326 ± 46 l/kg VSfeed at an HRT of 50 d, while this value was reduced to 274 ± 43 l/kg VSfeed when evaluated at an HRT of 30 d. However these values were higher than the one obtained under batch conditions (266 ± 40 l/kg VSfeed), thus indicating the need of acclimation to the co-substrate. Despite of operating at low organic loading rate (OLR), measurements from respirometry assays of digestate samples (at an HRT of 50 d) suggested that the effluent could not be directly applied to the soil as fertiliser and might have a negative effect over soil or crops. 相似文献
76.
Mona Akbar Muhammad Farooq Saleem Khan Ling Qian Hui Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(6):98
77.
78.
以乙酸钠为外加碳源,考察了UASB反应器内甲苯对可溶性微生物产物(SMP)的影响。实验结果表明:低质量浓度(20~70 mg/L)的甲苯对微生物有刺激作用,使得污泥增殖速率变小,SMP的质量浓度也逐渐减少,经过一段时间的驯化后,系统COD和TOC的去除率分别达到93%和94%以上,下降趋势较小;较高质量浓度(70~200 mg/L)的甲苯对微生物有抑制作用,污泥活性下降,反应器运行状况开始恶化,SMP的质量浓度也逐渐增大,经过一段时间的驯化后,系统COD和TOC的去除率分别维持在81%和83%以上;当甲苯质量浓度超过200 mg/L时,表现为污泥活性严重下降,对COD的去除效果极差。 相似文献
79.
C. Riva A. Schievano G. D’Imporzano F. Adani 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(8):1429-1435
The purpose of this study was to observe the economic sustainability of three different biogas full scale plants, fed with different organic matrices: energy crops (EC), manure, agro-industrial (Plants B and C) and organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) (Plant A). The plants were observed for one year and total annual biomass feeding, biomass composition and biomass cost (€ Mg?1), initial investment cost and plant electric power production were registered. The unit costs of biogas and electric energy (€ Sm?3biogas, € kW h?1EE) were differently distributed, depending on the type of feed and plant. Plant A showed high management/maintenance cost for OFMSW treatment (0.155 € Sm?3biogas, 45% of total cost), Plant B suffered high cost for EC supply (0.130 € Sm?3biogas, 49% of total cost) and Plant C showed higher impact on the total costs because of the depreciation charge (0.146 € Sm?3biogas, 41% of total costs). The breakeven point for the tariff of electric energy, calculated for the different cases, resulted in the range 120–170 € MW h?1EE, depending on fed materials and plant scale. EC had great impact on biomass supply costs and should be reduced, in favor of organic waste and residues; plant scale still heavily influences the production costs. The EU States should drive incentives in dependence of these factors, to further develop this still promising sector. 相似文献
80.
厌氧膨胀床处理低浓度污水的污泥颗粒和生物活性变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
污泥的聚集形态和活性,是影响厌氧反应器处理效率的关键因素。通过对厌氧膨胀床反应器(anaerobicex—pandedblanketreactor,AEBR)处理低浓度城镇污水在启动和稳定运行期的污泥活性研究,AEBR在启动运行期内,接种颗粒污泥为适应低浓度基质条件,污泥粒径经历从大变小,再重新颗粒化粒径变大的过程。在运行期第103天,粒径小于1000μm污泥的体积比达到44.7%,平均粒径为952μm,到运行期第173天,粒径小于1000μm污泥的体积比降为28%,平均粒径达1179μm,污泥重新颗粒化完成。颗粒污泥适应新的环境后,单位重量污泥的最大比产甲烷活性(specificmetha.nogensisactivity,SMA)值和胞外聚合物含量增加,分别达到112mLCH4/(gVSS·d)和215mg/gVSS。在处理实际城镇污水的AEBR反应器内,辅酶F420含量可以有效指示污泥样品的产甲烷活性,AEBR反应器不同高度位置的污泥活性不一样,反应器底部污泥活性低于中上部区域污泥的活性。 相似文献